Information Processing and Motor Control in Down Syndrome

Abstract

Extensive research on the motor performance of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) and more specifically individuals with Down syndrome (DS) reflects performance deficits in physical and motor functioning. Earlier study, indicated that low levels of physical function and deficiencies in sensory processing, memory consolidation, and postural control impact their ability to acquire and perform motor skills under variable environmental contexts. In addition, indicated that movements are often uncoordinated, slower, variable and hesitant in initiation, while other researchers reported longer movements and reaction times as well as difficulties in balance and postural control. Further limitations in spontaneous or symbolic play and limited opportunities to practice motor skills were observed in school and/or community settings, primarily during their developmental years. It is apparent that these individuals display delayed motor development and atypical motor functioning, which may be attributed to structural differences in the neurological system, delayed brain development, and a compromised somatosensory system.