Climate change and fluid status in children: Early education as one response to an emerging public health problem

Abstract

Objective: As global warming intensifies, residents of temperate regions will also face heat waves in the near future. Food habits are one component in addressing the global challenge of climate change. However, water, the most important food for humans, has not been adequately addressed. Design: For this commentary, on the one hand, publications on the increasing heat stress of children were consulted. On the other hand, publications on the special demands of children's temperature regulation in hot environments on fluid balance were analysed. Setting: The situation of young children in care facilities on days with heat stress is presented as a scenario. In this way, the effects of climatic changes on fluid balance can be estimated and measures to reduce heat stress and stabilise the fluid balance of children can be developed. Participants: For this analysis, first, infants will be considered in order to identify their specific fluid needs. Second, the possibilities for caregivers to improve fluid intake and train appropriate drinking habits already in infancy will be highlighted. Results: Climate change should be included in recommendations on hydration for children. The need to adapt drinking habits requires educational approaches to weather and water - starting in early childhood care. Conclusions: In the face of rapid climate change, countries must act now by protecting, preparing and prioritising the high-risk group of children. Particular focus should be placed on supporting adequate hydration.