The calf muscle complex

Abstract

Calf muscle complex, consisting of the plantaris, soleus, and gastrocnemius muscle, is commonly injured, especially in athletes. Patients typically complain of acute pain in the proximal calf, ecchymosis, and significant swelling. Based on clinical presentation, injuries of the calf muscle complex are graded 1-3. These grades are used to estimate convalescence period and to elect a suitable rehabilitation program. MRI or ultrasound can be of value in both the initial assessment and follow-up of the injury. Treatment, principally conservatively, is initiated according to the RICE schedule. Rehabilitation focuses on gentle stretching, massage, strengthening exercises, and balance exercises along with core strengthening and general conditioning.