PEMBUATAN ARANG AKTIF DARI LIMBAH PEMBALAKAN KAYU PUSPA DENGAN TEKNOLOGI PRODUKSI SKALA SEMI PILOT

Abstract

The research on activated charcoal manufacture from puspa (Schima wallichii) wood logging wastes intended to identify the product characteristics, and obtain the optimum of H3PO4 concentration and of activation duration. The manufacturing activation process was performed in an electrically heated retort with the capacity up to 100 kg of coal per batch, and the resulting activated charcoal with the most satisfactory qualities was applied for the purifying of fresh and used frying oils. Analysis on activated charcoal characteristics revealed that changes in H3PO4 concentration and activation duration affected significantly the yield, and adsorption capacities of iodine solution, of benzene vapor, and of chloroform vapor. The treatment level that afforded the most satisfactory activated charcoal was 5% H3PO4 concentration and 120 minute activation duration. In that level, the activated charcoal characteristics were as follows the yield at 74.21%, moisture content 4.17%, volatile matters 9.40%, ash content 4.37%, and fixed carbon 86.23%, and adsorption capacities of iodine, of benzene vapor, and of chloroform vapor consecutively 938.54 mg/g, 18.81%, 33.53%. Such as, the activated charcoal was able to decrease free fatty acid content and peroxide number, and increase the purity degree of fresh as well as used frying oils. The best condition to purify both frying oil types was employing 1% activated charcoal with 1hour contact duration, and in this way, it could increase the purity of both fresh and used frying oils (i.e.90.95%, respectively), and decrease free fatty acid and peroxide number in fresh oil (0.12% and 10.00 mg O2/100 g, respectively) and used oil (0.37% and 17.60 mg O2/100 g). Keywords