Ultrasound Guidance of Resuscitation in Shock

Abstract

The initial resuscitation in acute medical and traumatic emergencies is of the utmost importance to maintain or enhance end organ perfusion and improve patient outcomes. However, blind fluid administration to patients in shock is associated with its own set of risks. Point of care ultrasound has revolutionized the practice of acute care medicine and should be utilized in the pre-hospital setting to help diagnose the etiology of shock and guide decisions regarding appropriate interventions. This chapter will not only highlight key concepts and evidence for ultrasound-guided resuscitation, but will also offer a structured approach to cardiopulmonary and vascular ultrasonography to help determine a patient’s fluid tolerance and fluid responsiveness.