Effect of temperature and relative humidity on the behavior of Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in an urban area

Abstract

The capybara, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Rodentia, Caviidae), is a species adapted to diverse environments, including urbanized areas, where its populations can reach high densities. In this study, we searched the behavioral pattern of capybaras in urban areas, and investigated the effect of temperature and relative humidity in its activity pattern. The study was conducted in an urban area of the Aquidauana municipality in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Observations occurred between June 2014 and March 2015, using the scan sampling method. We found that capybaras spent most of your time in aquatic activities and rest. Temperature was positively correlated with the percentage of individuals engaged in aquatic activities. Relative humidity was negatively correlated with the percentage of individuals at rest and positively correlated with aquatic activities. Capybaras exhibit behavioral thermoregulation, which explains the large amount of time spent on aquatic activities with the increase in temperature and relative humidity.