Nonlinear feature transformation and deep fusion for Alzheimer’s disease staging analysis

Abstract

In this study, we develop a novel nonlinear metric learning method to improve biomarker identification for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Formulated under a constrained optimization framework, the proposed method learns a smooth nonlinear feature space transformation that makes the input data points more linearly separable in SVMs. The thin-plate spline (TPS) is chosen as the geometric model due to its remarkable versatility and representation power in accounting for sophisticated deformations. In addition, a deep network based feature fusion strategy through stacked denoising sparse autoencoder (DSAE) is adopted to integrate cross-sectional and longitudinal features estimated from MR brain images. Using the ADNI dataset, we evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed feature transformation and feature fusion strategies and demonstrate the improvements over the state-of-the-art solutions within the same category.