Transforming growth factor β1, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and its tissue inhibitor in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma/syndrome

Abstract

Background/Aim. Transforming growth factor-b1 (TGF-b1), oxidative stress and imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) may play an important role in pathogenesis of pseudoexfoliation syndrome/glaucoma (PEX Sy/Gl). The aim of the study was to measure concentrations of TGF- b1, MMP-2, TIMP-2 in the aqueous humor in the examined group, as well as to compare the biochemical findings with the following clinical parameters: degree of chamber angle pigmantation, presence of pseudoexfoliation and the value of intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods. Aqueous samples from 30 patients with cataract, 30 patients with PEX Sy, 36 patients with PEX Gl, and 42 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) were collected during phacoemulsification cataract surgery. TGF b1, MMP-2, TIMP-2 Fluotokine Multi Analyze Profiling kits and Luminex technology were used to simultaneously measure TGF b1, MMP-2 and TIMP-2. Results. TGF- ?1, MMP-2, TIMP-2 were detected in human aqueous from all the groups with the highest level in the group with PEX Gl. Statistically, a significant correlation between the levels of TGF b1, MMP-2, TIMP-2 in the aqueous humor of the patients with PEX Gl and the IOP value was confirmed (p < 0.05). In this group, the positive correlations between the TGF b1 concentration in the aqueous humor and the presence of pseudoexfoliation (p < 0.01), on the one hand, and between the TIMP-2 level and the presence of pseudoexfoliation (p < 0.05), on the other, were reported. A statistically significant positive correlation of TGF-b1 and MMP-2, and the degree of chamber angle pigmentation in the PEX Gl group was confirmed (p < 0.05). In the POAG group, TIMP-2 values were in a negative correlation with the degree of pigmentation (p < 0.05), and the IOP value (p < 0.05). Conclusion. TGF b1 and MMP-2 affect the degree of chamber angle pigmentation and the degree of pseudoexfoliation in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma.Uvod/Cilj. Transformisuci faktor rasta ?1 (TGF-?1), oksidativni stres i disbalans izmedju matriks metaloproteinaza (MMPs) i njihovih tkivnih inhibitora (TIMPs) igraju vaznu ulogu u patogenezi pseudoeksfolijativnog sindroma/ glaukoma PEX Sy/Gl. Cilj ove studije bio je da se utvrdi koncentracija TGF-?1, MMP-2, TIMPs-2 u ocnoj vodici izabranih grupa bolesnika, kao i da se uporede biohemijski nalazi sa odgovarajucim klinickim parametrima: stepen pigmentacije komornog ugla, prisustvo pseudoekfolijacija i vrednost intraokularnog pritiska (IOP). Metode. Tokom operacije fakoemulzifikacije katarakte prikupljena je ocna vodica od 30 bolesnika sa kataraktom, 30 bolesnika sa PEX Sy, 36 bolesnika sa PEX Gl i 42 bolesnika sa primarnim glaukomom otvorenog ugla (POAG). Za odredjivanje nivoa TGF-?1, MMP-2 i TIMP-2 koriscen je komplet Quantikine (R&D System, UK), a vrednosti su iscitavane pomocu Luminex analizataora. Rezultati. Vrednosti TGF-?1, MMP-2 i TIMP-2 u ocnoj vodici bile su povisene u grupi bolesnika sa PEX Gl. Postojala je statisticki znacajna korelacija izmedju nivoa TGF-?1, MMP-2 i TIMP-2 u ocnoj vodici i visine IOP kod bolesnika sa PEX Gl (p < 0,05). U ovim grupama je nadjena statisticki znacajna korelacija izmedju koncentracije TGF-?1 u ocnoj vodici i prisustva pseudoeksfolijacija (p < 0,01), sa jedne strane i nivoa TIMP-2 i prisustva pseudoeksfolijacija sa druge strane (p < 0,05). Potvrdjena je i statisticki znacajna pozitivna korelacija nivoa TGF?1, MMP-2 i stepena pigmentacije komornog ugla (p < 0,05) u grupi bolesnika sa PEX Gl. U grupi bolesnika sa POAG vrednost TIMP-2 je u negativnoj korelaciji sa stepenom pigmentacije komornog ugla i vrednostima IOP (p < 0,05). Zakljucak. TGF-?1 i MMP-2 uticu na stepen pigmentacije komornog ugla i prisustva pseudoeksfolijacija kod bolesnika sa PEX glaukomom.