Study of equipment and methods for removing oil from harbor waters

Abstract

A cost effectiveness analysis was performed for equipment, materials, and techniques for the removal of spilled petroleum products from the surface of port and harbor waters used by U.S. Naval craft. Effectiveness criteria, formulated for present methods and presently available equipment and materials, included speed of application, completeness of removal, ease of operation, effect on marine life, operating continuity, and availability. Parameters for the effectiveness study were based on the petroleum products now in use or those planned for future use and a detailed review of the geographic, hydrographic physical, and environmental characteristics of ports used by the U.S. Navy. The two most cost-effective systems for broad application were found to be mechanical recovery of spilled material by surface suction devices, supplemented by mechanical containment, and the application of chemical dispersants by pier- or vessel-mounted high pressure spray equipment.