Conclusion

Abstract

Cavendish is compared with the psychological profile of today’s scientists. To the extent that the profile applies to scientific investigators in the eighteenth century, it fits Cavendish fairly well. Traits of the profile he lacked are interpersonal in nature, associated with competitive drives. His aristocratic rank more than psychological factors could explain this difference. There is shown to be a continuity of traits in his work and in his life outside it. Consideration is given to how he came by them, some of which obviously served him well in his chosen course, a life of natural philosophy. The possibilities include nervous disorders as they were understood in his day; specifics of his upbringing possibly resulting in eccentricity; shyness, one of his most pronounced traits; introversion, which like shyness is largely inborn; schizoid personality disorder, social phobia; obsessive-compulsive disorder; and more. If Cavendish had a disorder, autism of all possible disorders fits him best. The criteria Sacks used to diagnose Cavendish with autism are examined. The main arguments for and against Cavendish’s autism are weighed. The possibility of Cavendish having eccentric ways, lacking the biological basis of autism, is considered.