Dual disorders in adolescent populations

Abstract

Psychiatric comorbidity in adolescents who abuse substances is the rule rather than the exception, and common comorbidities include depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, conduct disorder, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Among adolescents, the presence of both mental health problems and substance use disorders (SUD) (also called “dual disorders”) is related to more severe symptomatology, greater treatment challenges, and poorer outcomes. Research showing that mental health problems often precede SUD in adolescents indicates that there is a critical period for the prevention of dual disorders. Early identification and intervention for mental health disorders, coupled with substance abuse prevention, is of great importance in avoiding damage to the developing brain. Treatment requires an integrated, multidisciplinary plan in which the youngster is actively involved. However, treatment of dual disorders in adolescents is still in its infancy and requires much more evidence-based diagnosis and treatment. The stigma associated with mental health problems and SUD prevents youth from seeking treatment. The difficulty is further exacerbated by the existence of two separate service systems, one for mental health services and another for SUD treatment.