Brain and Behavioral Changes in Rodent Models

Abstract

Trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure results in central nervous system (CNS) effects in experimental animals that can result from acute, subchronic, or chronic exposure. This chapter focuses on the behavioral and neurological changes that have been observed, to date, in rodent models (primarily rat and mice). Some of the neurological changes such as hearing impairment (ototoxicity) and nerve degeneration are classified as persistent and/or non-reversible. Other impairments such as vision and motor movement have been classified as primarily reversible or non-permanent neurological changes. The neurological changes that are observed include nerve conduction changes, sensory effects, cognitive deficits, changes in psychomotor function, and changes in mood and sleep behaviors. In addition, general pathological and neurotransmitter changes in the brain are discussed and may be relevant to the observed behavioral changes. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this book chapter are those of the author and do not represent the policy of the US EPA.