Impact of invasion and management of molasses grass (Melinis minutiflora) on the native vegetation of the Brazilian Savanna

Abstract

In Brazil, several grass species are cited as invaders of protected areas. However, little is known about the impacts due to establishment and colonization of these species in protected areas in Brazil. Among the exotic grasses introduced into the Cerrado the African species Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv., molasses grass, deserves special mention. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of this grass on the biomass and species richness of the native community in an area of invaded Cerrado as well as to study the dynamics of the vegetation of the ground layer after different management treatments for control of molasses grass. The results showed that in the experimental area, where molasses grass composed 62% of the total biomass of the ground layer, the number of native species was high. In the areas where molasses grass had a high degree of coverage (> 98%) its biomass was approximately two times higher than values cited in other studies in the Cerrado. Between three and four years after using fire as a management tool for control of molasses grass its biomass returned to values similar to those observed prior to this treatment. Contrarily, with an integrated management treatment (May or September) a reduction of 99.9% in the presence of molasses grass was observed along with a recovery of native vegetation, making this a promising strategy for recuperation of areas in the Cerrado that were invaded by molasses grass.