Meta-Analysis: Relationship of Age, Gender, and Education Level with Medication Adherence of Hypertension Patients

Abstract

Compliance of hypertension patients is an important factor that determines the success of the treatment program. Several studies show the low level of compliance of patients with hypertension. Socio demographic factors (age, gender, education level) are one of the factors that affect treatment compliance. Based on preliminary studies in several journals, there are inconsistencies or differences in research results on the variables of age, gender, and education level on treatment compliance of patients with hypertension. To analyze the relationship tendency between age, gender, education level with treatment compliance of hypertension patients. Meta-analysis by searching the databases of Google Scholar, Garuda, PubMed, Proquest. After going through the identification and selection stages, 18 articles were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled Odds Ratio (POR) was calculated using the random-effect and fixed-effect models for data analysis according to the heterogeneity test using Review Manager 5.4. The POR value for age variables was 1.03 (95% CI 1.01-1.04), gender 1.15 (95% CI 0.97-1.37), and education level 1.30 (95% CI 0.84-2.02). Age has a relationship with medication adherence with a small tendency, while gender and education level have no relationship with medication adherence in patients with hypertension.