Role of nuclear factor-xB in female breast cancer: A study in indian patients

Abstract

Introduction: The nuclear factor xB (NF-xB) is a super family of transcription factors which plays important roles in development and progression of cancer. The present investigation concerns NF-xB /p65 activity in human breast cancers with overexpression of ER, PR, HER-2/neu, as well as the significance of p65 expression with regard to menopausal status, stage, grade, tumor size, nodal status, and NPI of invasive ductal carcinomas in Eastern India. Materials and Methods: In this hospital based study 57 breast cancer patients attending a Breast Clinic of a reputed institute of Eastern India were assessed for p65 protein expression in breast tumor tissue samples by Western blotting. ER, PR and HER-2/neu expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results: NF-xB/p65 was significantly associated with advanced stage, large tumor size (=5 cm), high grade, negative ER, negative PR, and positive HER-2/neu. High NF-xB/p65 expression was more frequent in patients with a high NPI (NPI = 5.4, 84.6%) compared with low NPI (<5.4, 44.4%) and this association was statistically significant (p = 0.002). Conclusion: NF-xB/p65 overexpression was associated with advanced stage, large tumor size, high grade, and high NPI which are poor prognostic factors linked to enhanced aggressiveness of the disease. NF-xB/p65 expression implies aggressive biological behavior of breast cancer and this study validates significant association of NF-xB /p65 overexpression with negative estrogen and progesterone receptor status and overexpression of HER-2/neu oncoprotein. In our good clinical practice, patients with NF-xB positive tumors need to be treated aggressively.