An architecture for smart lifelong learning design

Abstract

Smart learning environments have emerged as powerful platforms that support learners in exploring, identifying and seizing not only formal but also non-formal and informal learning opportunities, enabling them to create rich learning experiences. This paper introduces a lifelong learning framework underpinned by the idea of a cumulative learning continuum from pedagogy through andragogy to heutagogy. Based on this framework, we propose a system architecture that aims to provide personalized lifelong learning pathways integrating formal, non-formal and informal training offerings. This could further motivate learners to engage in meaningful learning experiences throughout their lives.