Biocompatible Glasses

Abstract

This book focuses on the applications of bioglasses in the biomedical field. It starts with the history and evolution of bioglasses before moving on to the structure and percolation theory, and lastly investigating their current and potential future applications in various fields including dentistry, tissue engineering, bone regeneration, ophthalmology, and drug delivery. The chapters were written by a team of international experts in the field and will be of great interest not only to material scientists, but also to medical doctors and other health sector professionals. Foreword; Acknowledgments; Contents; Editor's Notes; 1 Bioactive Materials: Definitions and Application in Tissue Engineering and Regeneration Therapy; Abstract; 1 Biomaterials History; 2 Bioactivity Concept and Bioactive Materials; 3 Introduction to Stem Cells for Regeneration Therapy; 4 Bioactive Ceramics and Stem Cells: A Synergistic Approach for Regeneration Therapy; 4.1 Hydroxyapatite; 4.2 TCP and Biphasic Calcium Phosphates; 4.3 Silicate Nanoclay; 4.4 Bioactive Glass; 4.5 Polymers and Biomaterials; 4.6 Emerging Carbon Based Nanomaterials; Acknowledgments; References 2 An Introduction and History of the Bioactive GlassesAbstract; 1 Bioactive Glasses as Biomaterials; 2 Implantation and Transplantation; 3 Elements Required by Human Body; 4 Design Criteria for Biomaterials/Bioactive Glasses; 5 Different Types of Bioactive Glasses; 5.1 Silicate Glasses; 5.2 Borate/Borosilicate Glasses; 5.3 Phosphate Glasses; 5.4 Doped Glasses; 5.5 Metallic Glasses; 5.6 Mesoporous Glasses; 6 History and State of Art of Bioglasses; 7 Techniques for Bioactive Glass Fabrication; 8 Conclusions; References; 3 Structure and Percolation of Bioglasses; Abstract 1 Introduction About Bioglass2 Soda-Lime Silicate and Bioactive Soda-Lime Phosphosilicate Glasses Structure; 3 Interaction Mechanisms Between Living Tissue and Glasses Soda-Lime Phosphosilicate; 3.1 Cations and Anions Diffusion Through the Glass Matrix; 3.2 Glass Network Hydrolysis; 3.3 Silica Enriched Layer Formation on the Glass Surface; 3.4 Glass Network Attack by OH-Ions; 3.5 Ca2+ and PO43− rich film formation in material surface; 3.6 HA Precipitation on the Material Surface; References 4 The Evolution, Control, and Effects of the Compositions of Bioactive Glasses on Their Properties and ApplicationsAbstract; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Glass Structure; 1.2 Therapeutic Ion Release; 2 Composition Effects on Properties and Applications of Bioactive Glasses; 2.1 Effect of Sodium; 2.2 Effect of Calcium; 2.3 Effect of Fluorine; 2.4 Effects of Strontium; 2.5 Effect of Zinc; 2.6 Effect of Magnesium; 2.7 Effects of Manganese; 2.8 Effect of Cobalt; 2.9 Effects of Copper; 2.10 Effect of Silver; 2.11 Effects of Gallium; 2.12 Effect of Cerium; 3 Summary and Outlook; Acknowledgments; References 5 What Can We Learn from Atomistic Simulations of Bioactive Glasses?Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 How to Obtain the Glass Structure Models: A Brief Overview of Classical and Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics; 2.1 Classical Molecular Dynamics; 2.2 Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics; 2.3 Mixed Classical-AI MD Procedure; 3 Structural Descriptors for Bioactivity Prediction; 3.1 The Network Connectivity; 3.1.1 Strength of the Glass Network; 3.1.2 Strength of Modifier-Mediated Cross-Link Interactions; 3.2 Clustering of Network and Modifying Cations; 4 SiO2-Based Bioactive Glass Systems