The Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children. RSV is also a major viral pathogen causing severe lung disease in the adult population, particularly among the elderly. We conducted a review of adult RSV studies published from January 1970 to February 2017 to determine the burden of disease among adults worldwide. There were no restrictions on health care setting or definition of RSV infection. A total of 1,530 published studies were identified, 95 of which were included in this review. The incidence rates of hospitalized RSV acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) in adults >65 years old ranged from 7.3-13.0/105 population in Africa and Asia and from 190-254/105 population in the United States. Higher incidence rates (195-1,790/105 population) were observed in adults =50 years old for outpatient or emergency visits in the United States. Of all ARI patients, RSV accounted for 1-10% in adults and 2-14% in patients with chronic diseases or transplantation. Given the limitations in the existing data, significant efforts should be made to generate evidence on the burden of RSV infections in adults and to estimate the potential impact of future preventive interventions.