The Use of Test by Chilean Psychologists: A Disturbing Panorama

Abstract

Given the scarcity of antecedents, this study set out to investigate, from a mainly quantitative approach, four aspects of the use of tests by Chilean psychologists: usage characterization, the most frequently used tests, psychometric quality, and perceived problems and attitudes. A purposive sample of 381 psychologists (71.7% female, Mage = 41.35 years) answered an online survey that addressed the previously mentioned aspects. The data were examined by descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes. In addition, a qualitative systematic review of the literature on psychometric foundations (reliability, validity and/or normative references) of the usual employment tests in Chile was carried out. The main finding revealed that 15 of the 20 most frequently used tests do not have evidence to support their psychometric quality in Chilean populations. Other results show that the use of tests is a widespread practice in the psychology profession, oriented to clinical evaluation, focused on adolescents and adults, and carried out through a few tests that are repeated in the different professional fields, having a majority presence of projective techniques. The discussion focuses on the failure to observe basic requirements for a proper use of tests and its eventual consequences. Possible explanations for this professional proceeding arise and proposals are offered aimed at improving good practices in the use of psychological tests, pointing out, among others, the strengthening of the training of test users and the adoption of restrictive and formative strategies to favor the correct use of tests in Chile.