Patterns of cooperation: Fairness and coordination in networks of interacting agents

Abstract

We study the self-assembly of a complex network of collaborations among self-interested agents. The agents can maintain different levels of cooperation with different partners. Further, they continuously, selectively and independently adapt the amount of resources allocated to each of their collaborations in order to maximize the obtained payoff. We show analytically that the system approaches a state in which the agents make identical investments, and links produce identical benefits. Despite this high degree of social coordination, some agents manage to secure privileged topological positions in the network, enabling them to extract high payoffs. Our analytical investigations provide a rationale for the emergence of unidirectional nonreciprocal collaborations and different responses to the withdrawal of a partner from an interaction that have been reported in the psychological literature. © IOP Publishing Ltd and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.