Propolis 10%-Gel as a Topical Drug Candidate on Gingivitis

Abstract

Propolis is a compound present in honey produced by bees and used for the treatment of wounds as it has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. The use of propolis in the field of dentistry is still in the research process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gel contains propolis 10% on healing of Gingivitis. Fifty four male Sprague Dawley rats are used as a modelsof gingivitis. Gingivitis rat models were randomly divided into three groups. The first group as positive control group treated with aloe vera gel, the second group as negative control grouptreated with CMC-NA gel, and the third group as treated with propolis 10% gel. Gel application in each group carried out two times a day on days 1,2,3,5,6, and 7. Gingival tissue samples be taken after 24 hours of treatment every day in each group for histological preparats. Hematoxyline Eosin (HE) staining was done to examine neutrophil cells, fibroblasts, and angiogenesis. Data were analyzed using the parametric statistical tests Two-way Anovaand LSD (Least Significant Difference).The results showed that gel propolis10% have the same level of effectiveness with aloe vera gel in reducing significantly the number of inflammatory cells of neutrophils on day 2 and 3 compared with negative controls (P <0.05), increases the number of fibroblasts cells on day 5 and increases the number of new blood vessels significantly on day 5, 6, 7 as compared to the negative control. Propolis 10%-gel have the same effectiveness with aloe vera gel in order to increase the number of fibroblast cells on days 5 and 6.Propolis 10%-gel effective as a topical drug in healing process of gingivitis through the reduction the number of inflammatory cells of neutrophils, increases the number of fibroblasts cells and the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis)