Objective: To investigate the effect of inter-operator variability in arterial input function (AIF) definition on kinetic parameter estimates (KPEs) from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI in patients with high-grade gliomas. Methods: The study included 118 DCE series from 23 patients. AIFs were measured by three domain experts (DEs), and a population AIF (pop-AIF) was constructed from the measured AIFs. The DE-AIFs, pop-AIF and AUC-normalized DE-AIFs were used for pharmacokinetic analysis with the extended Tofts model. AIF-dependence of KPEs was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis, and the impact on relative longitudinal change in Ktrans was assessed by Fleiss’ kappa (κ). Results: There was a moderate to substantial agreement (ICC 0.51–0.76) between KPEs when using DE-AIFs, while AUC-normalized AIFs yielded ICC 0.77–0.95 for Ktrans, kep and ve and ICC 0.70 for vp. Inclusion of the pop-AIF did not reduce agreement. Agreement in relative longitudinal change in Ktrans was moderate (κ = 0.591) using DE-AIFs, while AUC-normalized AIFs gave substantial (κ = 0.809) agreement. Discussion: AUC-normalized AIFs can reduce the variation in kinetic parameter results originating from operator input. The pop-AIF presented in this work may be applied in absence of a satisfactory measurement.
CITATION STYLE
Kleppestø, M., Bjørnerud, A., Groote, I. R., Kim, M., Vardal, J., & Larsson, C. (2022). Operator dependency of arterial input function in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine, 35(1), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-021-00926-z
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