Past, present and future of carbon nanotubes and graphene based electrode materials for energy storage batteries

Abstract

Electrochemical energy storage materials are one of the keys to the development and performance improvement of electrochemical energy storage devices. Carbon materials have played an extremely important role in various electrochemical energy storage systems; in particular, the recent emergence of various types of new carbon materials has brought new impetus to the development of electrochemical energy storage. This article reviews the progress in the research on carbon materials, especially carbon nanotubes and graphene, in lithium-ion/sodium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, lithium-sulfur batteries, and flexible electrochemical energy storage.