Open approaches to the frontal sinus

Abstract

Historically frontal sinus disease was treated through external approaches, but endoscopic sinus surgery has changed the treatment paradigm for frontal sinus disease. Despite the expanding techniques for endoscopic approaches to the frontal sinus, there remain situations when open frontal sinus surgery offers unparalleled access and visibility. In this chapter, the indications and techniques for frontal sinus trephination, Lynch procedure, osteoplastic frontal sinus flap, Reidel’s procedure, and frontal sinus cranialization are reviewed.