Impact of Chronic Periodontitis on the Quality of Life of Individuals with and without Diabetes

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of chronic periodontitis among individuals with and without diabetes and measure the impact on quality of life in this population. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at the Endocrinology Clinic of Agamenon Magalhães Hospital and the clinic of the Federal University de Pernambuco (Recife, Brazil). The sample consisted of 116 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis, 95 individuals with chronic periodontitis alone (case groups) and 69 healthy individuals without either condition (control group). Data were collected on age, sex, income and schooling and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was administered in interview format for the evaluation of the impact on quality of life. Clinical examinations were performed and a periogram was filled out for each participant, on which visible plaque, probing depth, bleeding on probing and clinical attachment loss were recorded. Results: In the group with diabetes, a significant difference in the mean plaque index was found between individuals with and without impact (p=0.023). Conclusion: In the present study, the impact on quality of life was greater among females, individuals with a higher visible plaque index and those with a fewer number of teeth.