Spectrophotometric Estimation and Validation of Atenolol in Tablets by Hydrotropic Solubilisation.

Abstract

Hydrotropic solubilization is a technique that is used to improve the solubility of poorly water soluble drugs. Various hydrotropic agents like urea, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, nicotinamide were utilized in enhancing the aqueous solubility. In this study, 5M urea solution was employed to estimate the amount of atenolol present in bulk form and its pharmaceutical tablets by spectrophotometric estimation. The solubility of pure atenolol in distilled water was found to be 9.34mg/ml, whereas in 5M urea solution it was found to be 21.4mg/ml. A marked increase in solubility of Atenolol in the hydrotropic solution was observed. Atenolol showed maximum absorbance at the wavelength of 225nm. It obeyed Beer-Lambert' law in the concentration range of 4-20 µg/ml. Atenolol estimation can be done within 24 hours without any detrimental effect on drug stability. It was evident that there was good correlation between the amount of drug estimated and the label claim. The estimated label claim was found to be 99.33±0.333mg by this method. The recovery studies revealed that any small change in the drug concentration in the solution could be accurately determined by the proposed method. The coefficient of variation were less than 1.0% which confirmed good intermediate precision for the proposed method. The low values of LOD and LOQ, 0.3664µg/ml and 0.4071µg/ml respectively indicated good sensitivity of proposed method. Thus the proposed method is new, simple, environmentally friendly, accurate and cost-effective which can be successfully employed in routine analysis of atenolol in tablets.