Fatty acids of the genus Bacillus: An example of branched chain preference

Abstract

Branched-chain fatty acids were first found by the author in certain bacteria some years ago. In this extensive review the following chapters are included: Fatty acid composition of Bacillus sp., biosynthesis of fatty acids, factors affecting fatty acid pattern and content, function of branched-chain fatty acids, grouping of Bacillus sp. according to fatty acid patterns and its significance on taxonomy, evolution of fatty acid systems. The occurrence of iso and anteiso fatty acids in microbes is not as rare as first thought. They are the major component of the fatty acids found within certain genera. This can be used in taxonomy and in the hypothesis of evolution in microorganisms. Fatty acids are mostly found on cell membranes. Branched-chain fatty acids are rare in animals but certain recent data suggest that their importance in animals has not been fully appraised. (Csonka - Radlett)