Probiotics and prebiotics in the prevention of gastrointestinal adverse reactions related to diabetes mellitus

Abstract

It is of greatest significance today the extent of how chronic metabolic diseases are connected to the heterogeneity of bacterial dysbiosis. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a major health problem and its prevalence has been considerable over the last years, with approximately 463 million adults suffering from diabetes in 2019, according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Predictions in the 9th edition of the IDF Diabetes Atlas estimate an increased number of 578 million for the next decade. Concern that dysbiosis affects carbohydrate metabolism has emphasized the need to study the relationship between altered flora in the gastrointestinal tract and T2DM. Based on the evidence reviewed, the mechanism has been increasingly attractive and permitted to take into consideration new therapeutical options, such as probiotics and prebiotics in the prevention of gastrointestinal adverse reactions related to diabetes. Therefore, the aim of this article is to assert the association between the pathogenesis of T2DM, its treatment and the promising beneficial role of probiotics and prebiotics in the management of this disease.