Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in diploid and triploid Arachis pintoi

Abstract

Plants of two cytotypes (2n=2x=20, and 2n=3x=30) of pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W.C. Gregory) were regenerated through somatic embryogenesis. Embryogenic calli were induced from shoot tips or immature leaves dissected from in vitro growing plants. In the case of the diploid peanut the best somatic embryogenesis was achieved when shoot tips were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 10 mg dm-3 Picloram (PIC) and 0.1 mg dm-3 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or when explants from immature leaves were cultured on MS + 10 mg dm-3 PIC + 0.01 mg dm-3 BAP. In the case of triploid peanut the highest number of somatic embryos was obtained when shoot tips were cultured on MS + 10 mg dm -3 PIC + 0.01 mg dm-3 BAP or when immature leaves were cultured on MS + 20 mg dm-3 PIC + 0.01 mg dm-3 BAP. Somatic embryos were converted into plants by culture on MS + 0.01 mg dm -3 naphthaleneacetic acid + 0.01 mg dm-3 BAP. Plants were successfully transferred to pots in greenhouse.