Relationship between lower limb muscle strength and kinesiophobia with functional stability and knee function in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients: a literature review

Abstract

Background: One of the most prevalent knee injuries among athletes is a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). ACL injuries may lead to various unpleasant symptoms, including joint instability, muscular atrophy, and soreness. ACL reconstruction is usually recommended to restore peace and function to the knee joint. After ACL reconstruction, knee muscle strength can remain compromised, leading to deficits in stability and functional limitations. ACL reconstruction also has psychological consequences, such as fear of moving due to injury or kinesiophobia. Purpose: To determine the relationship between lower leg muscle strength and kinesiophobia with functional stability and knee function in patients with ACL reconstruction. Method: The research method used is a literature review using data from scientific articles in scientific journal databases related to muscle strength, kinesiophobia, functional stability, and knee function after ACL reconstruction. The literature search used the keywords "ACL," "Strength," "Function," and "Kinesiophobia" by combining the Boolean Operators" OR "and "AND." Results: Based on the results of the journal review, it was found that after ACL reconstruction, muscle strength and kinesiophobia will affect the functional stability and function of the knee. Decreased muscle strength will lead to lower knee stability and function. Kinesiophobia level is associated with poorer clinical outcomes after ACL reconstruction. Conclusion: Based on the review results, it can be concluded that there may be problems arising from ACL reconstruction. Decreased muscle strength and psychological consequences such as fear of moving due to injury or kinesiophobia can affect the knee's functional stability and function.