No luck replicating the immune response in twins

Abstract

Recent twin studies highlight the astonishing impact of non-heritable contributions to our immune health and wellbeing. Immunologists, long familiar with heterogeneity generated from within cells, must now grapple with heterogeneity between and within individuals which is present to an extraordinary degree. The capacity to interpret and find patterns in the face of such immune system diversity may be limited when sampling is restricted to blood, necessitating the development of new approaches.