Impact of physical inactivity on mortality and the economic costs of cardiovascular deaths: Evidence from Argentina

Abstract

Objective. Estimate mortality and economic costs from cardiovascular diseases attributable to physical inactivity in Argentina. Methods. Attributable mortality (AM) from physical inactivity was estimated as the product of the population attributable fraction and the number of deaths caused by associated cardiovascular diseases. Value of statistical life (VSL) was calculated using the human capital approach, in which VSL was estimated through lost productivity from premature death. Economic costs were calculated using AM and VSL, stratifying by sex, age group, and physical activity level. A sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate how costs vary in three possible scenarios. Results. AM from low and moderate physical activity ranged from 33 (18 to 24 years) to 7 857 (>84 years) deaths annually in both sexes. VSL ranged from I$441 005 (international dollars) (18 to 24 years) to I$4,121 (>84 years). Assessment of total costs by sex indicates that economic losses amounted to I$752.5 million for men and I$444.5 million for women. Conclusion. Economic losses ranged from 0.61% of GDP for the minimum scenario, 0.85% for the average scenario, and 1.48% for the maximum scenario. Stronger public policy-making aimed at reduction of sedentary lifestyles in Argentina is recommended.