Top-down and Bottom-up: Counterpoised Visions of Bilingual Intercultural Education in Latin America

Abstract

Europe : discourses of inclusion/exclusion -- Statehood, citizenship, and language -- European elites : official languages in the EU -- "A hierarchy of legitimacies" : minority languages -- Languages across borders -- The quest for recognition : contested languages -- Nomads, language, and land -- The outsiders : non-European languages -- Europe and the politics of belonging.