Association between Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism of ApoB Gene with Dyslipidemia and Obesity Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background: Several studies have suggested that Insertion/Deletion polymorphism of ApoB gene is associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, data are limited and inconsistence. The objective of this study is to investigate the aassociation between insertion/Deletion polymorphism of ApoB gene and dyslipidemia and obesity risk in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Method: In this cross-sectional study, 700 patients who suffer from T2D were recruited from referral centers of diabetes in Tehran. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. BMI greater than or equal to 30 is general obesity for both sexes. Also dyslipidemia is elevation of plasma total cholesterol (TC ≥ 200 mg/dl), or triglycerides (TG ≥ 150 mg/dl), or low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C ≥ 160 mg/dl), or a low high-density lipoprotein level (HDL < 50 in women and < 40 in men). Dietary intake was assessed by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c and LDL-c were determined enzymatically. ApoB genotyping was performed by 8% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results: We have found that LDL-c level and LDL-c/HDL-c were significantly higher in men carriers Del allele than Ins/Ins, whereas that women carriers Del allele had higher TG level than Ins/Ins. Compare to Ins/Ins, carriers of the Del allele have general obesity risk and also hyper-LDL cholesterolemia and hypo-HDL cholesterolemia (OR = 1.65, P = 0.03; OR = 2.11, P = 0.01; OR = 2.72, P = 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: The Del allele of ApoB gene could be a risk factor for general obesity and dyslipidemia in subjects with T2D.