Research progress on the contamination status and control policy of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in drinking water

Abstract

Cryptosporidium and Giardia are globally recognized protozoa that directly cause human diarrhea. Their transmission route mainly involves drinking contaminated water, thus needing proper water treatment to avoid human infection. At present, there is a lack of review on the infection status and control measures of the two protozoa. Hence, this article summarizes and compares the infection status and the role of drinking water in transmitting the Cryptosporidium and Giardia in some key countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. With collected data, this review offers recommendations for sanitary control and provides theoretical support for the application of drinking water treatment projects.