Effects of Tai Chi on Lower Limb Proprioception in Adults Aged Over 55: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Objective: To summarize and critically evaluate the effects of Tai Chi on lower limb proprioception in adults older than 55. Data Sources: Seven databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, CNKI) were searched from inception until April 14, 2018. Study Selection: Eleven randomized controlled trials were included for meta-analysis. Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers screened potentially relevant studies based on the inclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality of the eligible studies using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). Data Synthesis: The pooled effect size (standardized mean difference [SMD]) was calculated while the random-effects model was selected. Physiotherapy Evidence Database scores ranged from 5 to 8 points (mean=6.7). The study results showed that Tai Chi had significantly positive effects on lower limb joint proprioception. Effect sizes were moderate to large, including ankle plantar flexion (SMD=−0.55; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], −0.9 to −0.2; P=.002; I2=0%; n=162), dorsiflexion (SMD=−0.75; 95% CI, −1.11 to −0.39; P