Experimental and clinical studies of cefpiramide (SM-1652) in the field of ophthalmology

Abstract

Experimental and clinical studies of cefpiramide (CPM, SM-1652), a new parenteral cephem antibiotic, were performed in the field of ophthalmology and the following results were obtained. The antibacterial spectrum of cefpiramide was similar to that of CEZ or CPZ and the antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa was also strong. Cefpiramide showed the following sensitivity distribution of clinical isolates; 0. 39∼3.13 μg/ml for 20 strains of S. aureus with the peak of 0. 78μg/ml in 10 strains (50%), 1. 56∼50μg/ml for 20 strains of P. aeruginosa with the peak of 12. 5μg/ml in 9 strains (45%). Ocular penetration was examined by intramuscular or intravenous injection of 50 mg/kg of cefpiramide in white mature rabbits. The aqueous level after intramuscular injection reached the peak of 1. 88μg/ml at 1 hour and the ratio of aqueous/serum was 10.16%. In the case of intravenous injection, the peak level was 2.94μg/ml at 1/2 hour and the ratio was 14.59%. The ocular tissue levels showed relatively high by these injections in outer and inner parts of the eye. In the clinical study, cefpiramide was used in 10 patients with external hordeolum caused by S. aureus or S. epidermidis, corneal ulcer by S. viridans or GNR, iridocyclitis purulenta by S. epidermidis or S.viridans, Orbitalphlegmone by S.hemolyticus, and panophthalmitis by S. epidermidis. The therapy was performed once or twice a day by intravenous injection or drip infusion of 1 g of cefpiramide. The clinical results obtained were excellent in 3 cases and good in 6. No side effects and no abnormal findings in hematological, hepatic and renal tests were observed. © 1983, Japanese Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.