Imaging, vascular assessment: Extension in depth and vascular anomalies

Abstract

Vascular anomalies are composed of two distinguished main types. One is vascular tumors, which are most commonly infantile hemangioma and other related rare vascular tumors in children and in adults. The other is vascular malformation [1]. Vascular tumors are distinct from vascular malformations founded on clinical appearance, imaging, and pathologic characteristics [2]. Vascular tumors include infantile hemangioma, congenital hemangioma (rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH) or non–involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH)), kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, tufted angioma, pyogenic granuloma, and hemangiopericytoma. Various imaging methods are used in the diagnosis of vascular malformations. These techniques must be referred to their clinical findings and to the aim of imaging, which would be of diagnosis, pre- and intra–treatment assessment, or follow–up.