Treatment of bisphenol-a using sonication-assisted photo-fenton hybrid process: Influence of reaction parameters

Abstract

Sonication-assisted photo-Fenton oxidation of an endocrine disrupting compound, bisphenol-A (BPA), was studied under visible-light irradiation in the presence of a LaFeO3 perovskite catalyst. The effects of the parameters: initial BPA concentration ([BPA]0), H2O2 concentration ([H2O2]0), catalyst loading, initial pH of the BPA solution, and reaction temperature were studied on the sonication-assisted photo-Fenton oxidation of an aqueous BPA solution. The optimum conditions for the oxidation were determined to be: [BPA]0 = 10 ppm, [H2O2]0 = 4.8 mM, catalyst loading = 0.75 g L–1, pH = 2.6, temperature = 313 K. During all runs, sonication power of 40 W, visible lights power of 150 W+150 W, BPA solution volume (0.5 L), and stirring speed of 500 rpm were kept constant. Under these conditions, degradation of 56.3 %, COD removal of 50.9 %, and TOC removal of 15.6 % were achieved after 6 h of reaction. The small amount of iron that leached into the solution indicated high stability of the catalyst. The sonication-assisted photo-Fenton oxidation of BPA was described by the second order kinetics with an activation energy of 15.34 kJ mol–1. Toxicity tests were also performed and the results revealed that the intermediates formed in the sonication-assisted photo-Fenton oxidation of BPA were less toxic compared to the parent BPA molecule at a neutral pH value. However, the same interpretation was not valid at the acidic pH of 2.6.