Does learning from mistakes have to be painful? Analysis of 5 years’ experience from the Leeds radiology educational cases meetings identifies common repetitive reporting errors and suggests acknowledging and celebrating excellence (ACE) as a more positive way of teaching the same lessons

Abstract

Background: The Royal College of Radiologists (RCR) and General Medical Council (GMC) encourage learning from mistakes. But negative feedback can be a demoralising process with adverse implications for staff morale, clinical engagement, team working and perhaps even patient outcomes. We first reviewed the literature regarding positive feedback and teamworking. We wanted to see if we could reconcile our guidance to review and learn from mistakes with evidence that positive interactions had a better effect on teamworking and outcomes than negative interactions. We then aimed to review and categorise the over 600 (mainly discrepancy) cases discussed in our educational cases meeting into educational ‘themes’. Finally, we explored whether we could use these educational themes to deliver the same teaching points in a more positive way. Methods and results: The attendance records, programmes and educational cases from 30 consecutive bimonthly meetings between 2011 and 2017 were prospectively collated and retrospectively analysed. Six hundred and thirty-two cases were collated over the study period where 76% of the cases submitted were discrepancies, or perceived errors. Eight percent were ‘good spots’ where examples of good calls, excellent reporting, exemplary practice or subtle findings that were successfully reported. Eight percent were educational cases in which no mistake had been made. The remaining 7% included procedural complications or system errors. Conclusion: By analysing the pattern of discrepancies in a department and delivering the teaching in a less negative way, the ‘lead’ of clinical errors can be turned in to the ‘gold’ of useful educational tools. Interrogating the whole database periodically can enable a more constructive, wider view of the meeting itself, highlight recurrent deficiencies in practice, and point to where the need for continuing medical training is greatest. Three ways in which our department have utilised this material are outlined: the use of ‘good spots’, arrangement of targeted teaching and production of specialist educational material. These techniques can all contribute to a more positive learning experience with the emphasis on acknowledging and celebrating excellence (ACE).