The solubilities of benzoic acid and its nitro-derivatives, 3-nitro and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acids

Abstract

The solubilities of benzoic acid and its nitrated derivatives (3-nitrobenzoic acid and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid) in seven pure solvents—water, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, toluene, and ethyl acetate—were determined experimentally over a temperature range from 273.15 K to 323.15 K under 101.3 kPa. The solubility of the above substances in these solvents increased with temperature. The solubility values of benzoic acid in these seven solvents follow the following order: ethanol > ethanol > acetonitrile > ethyl acetate > dichloromethane > toluene > water, while the solubility values of its nitrification derivatives in these seven solvents follow the following order: methanol > ethanol > ethyl acetate > acetonitrile > dichloromethane > toluene > water. The solubility of benzoic acid, 3-nitrobenzoic acid, and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid were significantly different in the same solvent. The solubilities obtained are very helpful in improving the recrystallization and yields of 3-nitrobenzoic acid and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid.