The Conservation of Egyptian mummies in Italy

  • Oliva C
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Abstract

The conservation of mummies and human remains in Italian collections is a relatively new field. The earliest scientific studies of mummies date back to the 1960’s, but the first systematic use of CT (Computed Tomography) – scan on human mummies had to wait until the 21st century. The main interest of these studies was what was inside a mummy, with less attention paid to the textiles and related materials. Conservation of mummies has faced a series of problems: historical pillaging, past treatments, museum or storage environments, natural decay of organic material, and exhibition requirements. This paper illustrates the main cleaning and supporting techniques used in Italy by two case studies, both of which have parts of the bodies exposed. One is from the Egyptian Museum in Turin (Inv. Cat. 2218) and the second is kept in storage in the Vatican Museums (Inv. 25004). I faced the same problems with both, but resolved them in different ways.La restauration des momies et des restes humains dans les collections italiennes est un domaine relativement nouveau. Les plus anciennes analyses scientifiques de momies remontent aux années 1960, mais l’utilisation systématique de la tomodensitométrie sur des restes humains ne date que du xxie siècle, permettant de se concentrer sur l’intérieur du corps de la momie sans s’arrêter aux textiles extérieurs. La restauration des momies se heurte à de nombreuses difficultés : pillage des tombes, traitements antérieurs, conditions climatiques dans le musée et les réserves, dégradation naturelle des tissus biologiques et contraintes d’exposition. Deux exemples illustrent ici les principales techniques de nettoyage, consolidation et refixage employées en Italie. Il s’agit de deux momies dont certaines parties du corps sont à nu, conservées respectivement au Museo Egizio de Turin (inv. 2218) et dans les collections égyptiennes des musées du Vatican (inv. 25004). Deux solutions différentes ont été apportées à un problème identique.

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APA

Oliva, C. (2020). The Conservation of Egyptian mummies in Italy. Technè, 44, 122–126. https://doi.org/10.4000/techne.1205

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