Clinical Anatomy of the Venous System of the Lower Extremity

Abstract

According to recent consensus documents, the veins of the lower limbs can be divided into three groups resident in three different layers, depending on their relationships to the muscular fascia (deep veins), the saphenous fascia (saphenous veins), and the skin (epifascial veins). Deep veins are divided into muscular and axial according to their intramuscular or intermuscular passage. Finally, perforating veins interposed between the deep and superficial veins crossing the deep muscular fascia.