Index Bias and Current Practices

Abstract

Standard versions of indices of uneven distribution take their minimum value of zero only under the condition of exact even distribution. Most segregation researchers and consumers of segregation studies are habituated to accepting this benchmark for social integration. On reflection, however, it is an unusual point of reference for assessing segregation. For one thing, exact even distribution usually is not logically possible because individuals, families, and households cannot be distributed in fractional parts as almost always is needed to achieve exact even distribution. The resulting departure from uneven distribution is likely to be negligible when segregation is being assessed for broad group comparison using relatively large spatial units such as census tracts. But it will be non-negligible when measuring segregation for small groups and/or when using small spatial units such as blocks.