How hard is it to design maps for beginners, intermediates and experts?

Abstract

An online map reading test was done with 859 subjects to statistically measure the efficiency of information retrieval from three different cartographic images of the same area. The differences between the maps were defined by the graphic variables of size, color, pattern, etc., for six map data categories: linear features, hydrography, land cover, elevations, point-like objects, geographic names. The subjects solved map reading tasks related to these categories. Cartographic images were designed for each of the three map reader groups: beginners, intermediates and experts. The design method and the grouping were based on the results of previous studies, and the grouping was done with a competency test prior to the map reading task. The results showed the effectiveness of information retrieval from the three different cartographic images. Conclusions about the efficiency were done concerning the age, gender and level of expertise of the subjects.