Introduction. Fat embolism syndrome with respiratory failure after intramedullary nailing of a femur fracture is a rare but serious complication in trauma patients. Case presentation. We present the case of a 20-year-old Caucasian man who experienced paradoxical cerebral fat embolism syndrome with fulminant progression after intramedullary nailing of a femur fracture, in conjunction with a clinically asymptomatic atrial septal defect in a high position resulting in a right-to-left shunt. Conclusion: Fat embolism syndrome may occur as a fulminant complication following femoral fracture repair in the presence of a concomitant atrial septal defect with right-to-left shunt. Thus, in patients with cardiac right-to-left shunts, femurs should not be nailed intramedullary, not even in cases of isolated injuries. © 2011 Mueller et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
CITATION STYLE
Mueller, F., Pfeifer, C., Kinner, B., Englert, C., Nerlich, M., & Neumann, C. (2011). Post-traumatic fulminant paradoxical fat embolism syndrome in conjunction with asymptomatic atrial septal defect: A case report and review of the literature. Journal of Medical Case Reports, 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-1947-5-142
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