Autonomy support as acceptance for disclosing and developing a healthy lesbian, Gay, Bisexual or Transgendered Identity

Abstract

Disclosing a lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) identity to others, or coming out, yields mental health benefits, but it can carry the risk of stigmatization, rejection and even violence. We use a self-determination theory (SDT; Ryan RM, Deci EL. Am Psychol 55:68-78, 2000) framework to understand how relationships impact coming out and identity-development processes. We review evidence that autonomy support, or interpersonal acceptance and encouragement for authentic self-expression, conveys acceptance and safety in relationships, and fosters self-disclosure and acceptance of oneself as LGBT. We conclude by proposing some future directions for this line of inquiry, highlighting the importance of furthering research in this area.