Congenital vascular syndromes and diseases

Abstract

There are several neurovascular diseases and syndromes that are present at birth and may present in the pediatric age range. This chapter will describe the most common congenital neurovascular entities and help to classify them by dominant etiology (arterial or venous abnormality) when known. The following entities will be discussed: moyamoya, PHACE syndrome, arteriovenous malformations and associated syndromes, Sturge-Weber syndrome, venous malformations, and mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like symptoms (MELAS).