Modulation of 72-kilodalton type IV collagenase (Matrix metalloproteinase-2) by ascorbic acid in cultured human amnion-derived cells

Abstract

Extensive research has been done to investigate the effects of nutrients on placental and fetal development. It is now evident that environmental factors such as diet may exert a profound effect on gene expression during pregnancy. A low intake of vitamin C during pregnancy has been linked to a higher risk of premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) because of its well- known role in collagen biosynthesis. Here we report a new effect of ascorbic acid acting as a modulator of the 72-kDa type IV collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase-2; MMP-2). MMP-2 expression/activity is down-regulated by vitamin C in human amnion cultured cells. The regulatory effect is exerted at the transcriptional level and is specific for MMP-2. Matrix metalloproteinases are implicated in tissue remodeling, and our results allow us to suggest a molecular mechanism that relates poor availability of vitamin C during pregnancy and the development of PROM.