2D upper bound analysis of ecae through 2θ-Dies for a range of channel angles

Abstract

Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE), sometimes referred to as Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP), is a Severe Plastic Deformation technique. However the energy-power parameters of ECAE have not been fully addressed in previous known publications. The present article is focused on the punching pressure, accumulated plastic strain, and dead metal zone geometry estimation during ECAE of metal workpieces through a 2θ-die with a channel intersection angle of 2θ>0° and 2θ≠90°. Computational analytical results for ECAE technological parameters have been analytically derived for planar flow of a plastic, incompressible, non-hardening metal workpiece in an angular Segal die with 2θ>0° and 2θ≠90°. This is accomplished through the use of an Upper Bound Method (UBM) with Discontinuous Velocity Field (DVF) introduction. The development of the Dead Zone (DZ) for metal ECAE through a 2θ-die with 2θ>0° and 2θ≠90° has been analytically investigated. The obtained computational results for 2θ-die have been compared with the slip line analytic solutions of Segal for non-rectangular 2θ-dies of the same geometry. Good agreement between the two computational results has been found. The physical modeling techniques using plasticine have confirmed the appearance of a dead zone and material flow dynamics during ECAE through the Segal 2θ-die.